Immature Bitter Orange for Qi Regulation

Zhi Shi (Immature Bitter Orange)
Botanical Name: Citrus aurantium
TCM Name: Zhi Shi

Overview:
Zhi Shi, the dried unripe fruit of the bitter orange tree (Citrus aurantium), is a traditional herb in Chinese medicine valued for its ability to regulate Qi, support digestion, and resolve accumulations. It is often used in formulas that address gastrointestinal discomfort, food stagnation, and conditions involving chest and abdominal fullness.

Botanical Characteristics:
The bitter orange tree is a small evergreen with glossy leaves and fragrant white flowers. Its unripe fruit is harvested while still green, then dried for medicinal use. Zhi Shi has a distinctly bitter flavor and a strong descending energy in TCM theory, making it particularly effective in relieving internal obstruction.

Traditional Uses in TCM:

1. Qi Regulation:
Used to move stagnant Qi in the digestive system, particularly in the stomach and intestines, to relieve bloating, gas, and abdominal fullness.

2. Food Stagnation Relief:
Helpful in treating indigestion, poor appetite, and constipation caused by food accumulation.

3. Phlegm Reduction:
Applied in cases of chest congestion and phlegm obstruction, especially in coughs with copious sputum or chest tightness.

4. Organ Prolapse Support:
In combination with tonifying herbs, Zhi Shi is sometimes used for conditions like uterine or rectal prolapse due to its mild upward-lifting properties when properly balanced.

Pharmacological Properties:
Zhi Shi contains active compounds such as synephrine, flavonoids, and essential oils. These constituents are known to promote gastrointestinal motility, mildly stimulate metabolism, and exert anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant effects. Some studies also explore its role in cardiovascular and weight management support.

Preparation and Dosage:

• Internal use: Typically prepared as a decoction or included in compound herbal formulas.

• Dosage: Commonly 3–10 grams of dried fruit per day.

• Topical use: Rare but may be ground and applied in poultices in traditional contexts.

Precautions:

• Should be used under the guidance of a licensed TCM practitioner.

• Not recommended for individuals with Qi deficiency or sensitive digestive systems.

• Use with caution in patients with hypertension or those taking stimulant medications.

• Pregnant women should consult a healthcare provider before using this herb.